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Journal Source: Annals of Tourism Research Volume 31 Volume 30 Volume 29 Volume 28 Volume 27 Volume 26 Volume 25 Volume 24 Volume 23 Volume 22 J. Sustainable Tourism Tourism Management  |
MSc
Responsible Tourism Management Annals
of Tourism Research [Volume 23, Issue 2][Volume 23, Issue 3][Volume 23, Issue 4]
Transformation
of Vilavilairevo in tourism, Pages 1-18 At one time a calendrical ceremony of a single south Beqan community, Vilavilairevo (Fijian firewalking) has today become Fiji's central tourism display. The institution's origins in myth and ritual are discussed, and Vilavilairevo is situated in its social and political context. The temporal evolution of the event is surveyed, and its contemporary incarnation in touristic practice is considered in light of key concepts developed in the social science literature on tourism. Vilavilairevo's economic importance to its participants is weighed against some of its other concomitant manifestations, which include competition and contention between participating villages and the generation and perpetuation of stereotypes and signs of radical alternity in touristic discourse. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Domestic tourism
in Kenya, Pages 19-31 This paper examines the viability of the concept of domestic tourism. It finds that some Kenyans have begun to take advantage of promotional incentives; however, this appears to be at an incipient stage. The paper argues that the incomes of Kenyan workers are too low to pay for tourism even at the concessionary rates offered by hotels each year when international tourism is off-season. To encourage domestic tourism, certain structural adjustments leading to the tourism product diversification and spatial deconcentration of facilities will cater for a broader cross section of people. Such changes would be realized by creating small and medium sized hotels in the rural areas throughout the country. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic
impact of tourism in the Seychelles, Pages 32-47 The paper describes the results of a detailed study to analyze the impact made by 1991 tourism expenditure on incomes, employment, public sector revenue and the balance of payments in the Seychelles. Details of the methodology and data sources are provided and the results and policy implications are analyzed. These tourism impacts, found to vary by visitors' countries of origin, provide useful policy and marketing implications, although this variation was found to be related almost entirely to the different magnitudes of expenditure than to variations in the size of the multiplier by country of residence. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- New directions
in tourism for third world development, Pages 48-70 The Third World tourism industry has grown rapidly, but has also encountered many problems common to other outward-oriented development strategies, including: excessive foreign dependency, the creation of separate enclaves, the reinforcement of socioeconomic and spatial inequalities, environmental destruction, and rising cultural alienation. To avoid such problems, institutional mechanisms need to be created to encourage active state and community participation in tourism planning. Appropriateness of tourism strategies ought to be measured according to the changing conditions and interests of each host community; and tourism-led development should always conform to the long-term interests of the popular majority instead of the short-term goals of an elite minority. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Resident attitudes
toward legal gambling, Pages 71-85 This paper reports on the development of a scale to measure resident attitudes toward limited-stakes casino gambling as a tourism development strategy in their community. The scale development process started with definition of the construct, identification of 17 measurement items, and data collection in five towns in two US states. The data were subjected to outlier detection, exploratory factor analysis, and unidimensionality tests via confirmatory factor analysis. These procedures yielded a five-item attitude scale with relatively high reliability and significant content and construct validity. The procedures and outcomes of this scale development effort are discussed with recommendations for future research on resident attitudes toward tourism and gambling. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Rural tourism
in Southern Germany, Pages 86-102 A literature review reveals a multitude of different ideas as to what constitutes rural tourism. A model is suggested that places farm, rural, and non-urban tourism into context. Based on a survey of rural operators and tourists in Southern Germany, several aspects of rural tourism are discussed. The main market segments are families with children and older couples, and their main activities are excursions to attractions outside the region. Inexpensive accommodation appears to be a major incentive to choose the region as an excursion base. Although tourism is frequently suggested to farmers as a panacea, this study indicates that farm tourism provides only a small side-income, partly because of legal limitations. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- An analysis
of Canadian cross-border travel, Pages 103-122 Cross-border shopping by Canadians in the United States is examined for the seven Canadian provinces bordering the United States. Data on same day automobile trips and expenditures obtained from Statistics Canada, International Travel Section are analyzed using multiple regression techniques. New Brunswick, British Columbia and Ontario demonstrated the most cross-border shopping activity as measured by per capita same day automobile trips and real per capita same day automobile trip expenditures. Across the provinces, cross-border trips and expenditures were driven by per capita income, the appreciation of the Canadian dollar, the ratio of Canadian to US gasoline prices, and the onset of the Goods and Services Tax (GST). There were regional differences in the determinants of cross-border shopping. The exchange rate was most sensitive on per capita trips in Ontario, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan; while per capita income was most sensitive in New Brunswick, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan. The gasoline price variable was most sensitive in British Columbia, while the GST had its strongest impact in Alberta. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Perspectives
on tourism in selected Balinese villages, Pages 123-137 This paper examines attitudes towards tourism among indigenous residents of eight villages in Bali, Indonesia. Tourism is generally viewed positively: there is a desire to receive more tourists, and a lack of appreciation of negative side-effects of tourism development. However, attitudes vary spatially with those closest to the resorts and the most familiar with tourism having the most reservations. These findings are consistent with earlier writings which suggest that residents of destination areas usually hold positive attitudes towards tourism in the early stages of tourist development. Questions are raised concerning the difficult challenges of incorporating local inputs into the decision making process. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Influence of
cognitive distance in vacation choice, Pages 138-150 The study investigated the relationship of cognitive distance to the assignment of vacation destinations into individuals' choice sets: late, inert, reject, action, and inaction. Survey data were used to test four hypotheses. A positive relationship between respondents' mental ordering of destinations in the late set and the degree of preference for those destinations was generally confirmed. Cognitive distance estimates to destinations in the late set were more accurate than those to destinations in the reject set. Another hypothesis was partially supported since destinations in the late set were associated with cognitive distance underestimates. Further, analyses confirmed that underestimates of destinations in the action set were significantly higher than those in the inaction set. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Using a neural
network to forecast visitor behavior, Pages 151-164 This study compares classical time series forecasting techniques with an emerging neural network model. The issues of data integrity, accuracy, the use of appropriate error measures, and the reliability and validation of results are highlighted. The operational aspects of forecasting with a neural network are analyzed using a data set from the US National Park Service. The study shows that the Census II decomposition and the neural network technique are the most accurate models when forecasting 12 months ahead. Results indicate that the neural network model is a valid alternative to classical forecasting techniques in tourism science. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Competing hospitalities
in Japanese rural tourism, Pages 165-180 An increasingly important theme in the study of tourism is its variability. Through a case study of a Japanese mountain village area popular with urban tourists, this article focuses on the way that tourism varies within a single locale. The concern is not however, with differences among the tourists directly, but with the variable, contested nature of tourism on the host side. It demonstrates how tourist hosting may be marked by a double tension: first, with respect to the different definitions of tourism within the tourism sector; and secondly, in relation to the social divide between the existing sector and those outside of it. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism strategy
planning, Pages 181-200 Tourism in Central Europe has been the subject of considerable academic debate and commentary since the political events of 1988-89. In particular strategic planning in the region will be critical to the future success of tourism as attempts are made to utilize tourism in the process of planned economic change. Tourism is seen as a useful medium of change as it cuts across a variety of economic sectors and is primarily comprised of small and medium sized enterprises. This paper analyzes the practical difficulties and issues of producing a tourism strategy and implementation plan for tourism in a Hungarian county. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism marketing
images of industrial cities, Pages 201-221 This paper examines the extent to which, and why, places project either similar or different images in their tourism marketing. Specific consideration is given to the similarities and differences in the place images for tourism marketing used by five old industrial English cities: Birmingham, Bradford, Manchester, Sheffield, and Stoke-on-Trent. It is found that, while there was some standardization in their overall marketing imagery, there were also significant differences. Consideration is also given to some of the influences shaping the images projected by these cities using insights from geographical studies, marketing, and critical sociology. An integrated, multidisciplinary research agenda is outlined for future work on city tourism images. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism Growth
in Singapore: An Optimal Target, Pages 222-224 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sustainability
in Tourism and Leisure, Pages 224-225 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism Down
Under, Pages 226-227 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Human Resources
Development and Quality Tourism: A Multi-Conference Report, Pages 228-231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- International
Forum of Travel and Tourism Advocates, Pages 231-232 |
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