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Journal Source: Annals of Tourism Research Volume 31 Volume 30 Volume 29 Volume 28 Volume 27 Volume 26 Volume 25 Volume 24 Volume 23 Volume 22 J. Sustainable Tourism Tourism Management  |
MSc
Responsible Tourism Management Annals
of Tourism Research [Volume 24, Issue 2][Volume 24, Issue 3][Volume 24, Issue 4]
Applying the
life cycle model to Melanesia, Pages 1-22 This study adopts a multidisciplinary approach to compiling the history of an important but neglected component of development in Melanesia. It uses historical methodology and data and applies Butler's destination life cycle model as a framework on which to develop a comparative history of tourism in Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, and Vanuatu. The hypothesis is that while the three island nations have many geographic, climatic, and ethnic similarities, their colonial pasts have been significant factors in explaining why their tourism industries have developed at such widely varying rates. The study concludes that while the life cycle model is a useful theoretical tool, there are weaknesses in its application to colonial and post-colonial societies. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Museums and
touristic expectations, Pages 23-40 Museums in recent years have given much more serious consideration to attracting tourists. There is very little understanding, however, of what tourists expect a museum to offer. As part of a much larger research project, a study of tourists who visited the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum in Honolulu, Hawaii, was conducted in 1991. It sought to obtain a limited range of quantitative and qualitative data on tourist of the museum. The study found that the museum was drawing on a very select atypical group of visitors. What they valued about the museum is useful information to help this and other museums to broaden their appeal to a wider audience. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Career stress
responses among hospitality employees, Pages 41-51 Career patterns among hospitality employees have received relatively little attention from disciplines such as organizational psychology. This study seeks to examine stress responses among a sample of Australian hospitality employees together with possible relationships with fundamental career motivations. Prominent stress responses involved clearer work role, greater skill input, more worker family input, and better communication with management. The career anchor job autonomy was the most powerful predictor of the clearer work role stress response, and the sole predictor of the better communication stress response. Better communication emerged as the most prominent of the stress responses among this sample of hospitality industry employees. Implications of these findings for both employees and the industry are examined. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Paradoxes of
tourism in Goa, Pages 52-75 Goa is often referred to as a classic example of the evils of tourism development, yet there is relatively little substantive evidence against which to assess this claim. This paper offers a preliminary attempt to fill this gap. The focus is ethnographic and it looks at the perceptions of tourists and the host community, analyzes the present structure of the industry in North Goa, especially the wide-ranging involvement of many small indigenous family businesses, reviews options for future development, and concludes that the current form of low-budget tourism might be the least destructive path to follow in spite of the government's promotion of up-market hotel development -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Estimating economic
impacts from tourism, Pages 76-89 Economists have traditionally used input-output (IO) analysis to examine the impacts of tourism on the economy of a region. This paper introduces a relatively new and alternative technique, computable general equilibrium (CGE). The two approaches are compared and then used to analyze, as an illustration, the impacts on Hawaii's economy from a reduction in visitor expenditure. The study concludes that the results of the IO model are similar in magnitude to those of the CGE model but generally higher and that sectors closely associated with tourism exhibit the largest effects. The ability to account for inter-sectoral resource flows is a major advantage of CGE models and explains differences in IO and CGE results -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The economic
values of tourism's social impacts, Pages 90-116 The identification and management of tourism's actual and perceived social impacts in destination communities has recently received significant attention. Research has enhanced the understanding of these impacts and their incorporation into tourism policy. The contingent valuation (CV) method is presented as a technique for furthering this understanding and incorporation. By measuring selected social impacts in an economic metric, CV facilitates benefit-cost analysis of mitigation projects and contributes to integrated analysis of tourism's diverse impacts. Results from a CV application in Oregon (USA) communities indicate a mean annual household willingness-to-pay of $110 (policy model) to $186 (commodity model) to reduce tourism-related traffic congestion. Results for mitigation of noise and provision of lowincome housing are also presented. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Quality and
pricing in tourism destinations, Pages 117-130 Drawing on some recent literature from the field of industrial organization economics, this paper examines the economics of reputation and quality decisions for a tourism destination. The implications of these decisions for competiveness are also assessed. The analysis shows that while high prices may signal quality, of greater significance is the premium component contained in these prices which serves to minimize the likelihood of quality deterioration. This quality premium is not to be interpreted as some kind of economic profit. Improvements in information among consumers, or in the cost base associated with providing high quality, both help to reduce the size of the premium that is needed to sustain quality. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Dimensions of
photography in a nature-based tour, Pages 131-155 This paper reports on an empirical study which explored the spatial, temporal, and social dimensions of photography in a nature-based tour experience. Data sources which were used to investigate the tourist––photography phenomenon included on-site observations, posttour interviews, photographic collections taken by the tour participants, diaries from some of the participants, and the author's narrative of the tour. The paper describes and examines the temporal distribution of photography throughout the duration of the tour, the role of photography in the social interactions of the tour participants, and patterns in the photographic collections and the importance of, and meanings given to, the images contained within them. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism and
the autonomous communities in Spain, Pages 156-177 Interorganizational analysis is used to examine the changes which have occurred in the institutional framework for tourism in post-Franco Spain. The creation of the autonomous communities is outlined and the structure of their new tourism organizations described. The paper then analyzes the relationships between these new regional bodies and the national tourism organization, with particular reference to the Plan FUTURES and to international promotion. This analysis reveals both conflict and cooperation between the parties and shows that their roles influence what is done in the field of promotion. The process of institutional change is not yet complete and interorganizational equilibrium has yet to be reached. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Convention participation
decision-making process, Pages 178-191 Attending meetings and conventions currently represents the largest market segment in business travel. More than 1 million association and corporate meetings are held annually in the United States alone, yielding an estimated 85 million attendees who spend more than US$75 billion annually. This paper provides an overview of the research extended in the areas of associations' location choice and participation decision-making variables of the attendees. Two models are proposed. One addresses the interactions and interrelationships among associations, host locations, and attendees. The second model addresses the convention participation decisionmaking process by potential attendees. The influencing variables are then categorized into personal/business, association/conference, location, and intervening opportunities. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Remaking local
heritage for tourism, Pages 192-213 The paper outlines the development of Haw Par Villa as a philanthropic gift for leisure among locals to its revisioning by private enterprise and by the national tourism board as a commercial venture. Against this background, a survey was conducted among the local population to ascertain their reactions to the remaking of local heritage and among tourists to determine their perceptions of the "new" attraction. While locals cling to the personal and valued memories of the old villa, tourists consume the theme park in terms of a commodity package. The dichotomous reaction underscores the importance that must be given to local landscapes in the planning of cultural and/or historical attractions. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Applications
of the life-cycle model in tourism, Pages 214-234 The destination life-cycle model was applied to the Smoky Mountain region in order to better understand the economic effects of the tourism industry over time. This model fits the region sufficiently well to be useful in analysis of the evolution of second- and third-order economic impacts. Although the involvement stage provides greater benefit for the local population, what seems to be of critical importance for social welfare is not the stage of development but the degree of diversity in the area where development occurs. In order for a local population to benefit from tourism development, policies need to be implemented to control growth and emphasize economic diversity. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Characteristics
of effective tourism promotion slogans, Pages 235-238 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A Cross-cultural
application of the novelty scale, Pages 238-240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism attractions:
Points, lines, and areas, Pages 240-243 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism human
resources development, Pages 243-245 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Information
technology and the reengineering of tourism, Pages 245-247 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Managing urban
tourist numbers, Pages 248-249 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Architecture
and tourism, Pages 249-251 |
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