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Journal Source: Annals of Tourism Research Volume 31 Volume 30 Volume 29 Volume 28 Volume 27 Volume 26 Volume 25 Volume 24 Volume 23 Volume 22 J. Sustainable Tourism Tourism Management  |
MSc
Responsible Tourism Management Annals
of Tourism Research [Volume 24, Issue 1][Volume 24, Issue 2][Volume 24, Issue 3]
Sun, sand, and
hard currency: Tourism in Cuba, Pages 777-795 Cuba's decision to focus on tourism as a source of hard currency and economic development makes international competitiveness a critical issue. But what is the basis of international competitiveness in tourism and how can Cuba best develop its tourism industry to meet the twin goals of generating hard currency and economic development? A framework for approaching these questions in the context of underdevelopment and socialist economic planning is presented here. It is argued that the Cuban government's current strategy of expansion and low price, combined with monopoly industry organization, presents high risks for declining returns. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Evaluating tourist
risks from fuzzy perspectives, Pages 796-812 Since little effort has been devoted to measuring tourist risk from epistemology perspectives, this study develops a scientific framework for its evaluation. Tourist risk is defined as what is perceived by the tourists during the process of a group package tour. This in turn depends on the traveling service conditions experienced during the process and at the destination. The study uses an Analytic Hierarchy Process method to determine the weighting of various risk evaluation criteria. It further considers the possibility of "fuzzy logic" in making subjective judgments, and applies a Fuzzy Multiple Criteria Decision-Making method to conduct the evaluation of tourist risk. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A framework
for computer-assisted travel counseling, Pages 813-834 This paper presents a suggested organizational framework for important design issues related to computer-assisted travel counseling (CATC). It presents an alternative methodological approach to the implementation of a counseling system which addresses several issues that have received little attention in the literature. The approach demonstrated is based upon multiple criteria decision-making methodologies. Mathematical formulations for problems related to package trip selection are presented, and solution performance is demonstrated in a prototype decision support system. The results indicate that this approach provides improvements in both performance and extensibility over the CATC systems hitherto described in the literature. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Review of international
tourism demand models, Pages 835-849 Detailed descriptive classifications according to the decade of publication, type of data, sample sizes, model specifications, the types of dependent and explanatory variables used, and the number of explanatory variables used, are provided and reviewed for 100 published studies of empirical international tourism demand models. Most of the studies undertaken have been published in the 80s, have used annual data, and have been based on estimation of log-linear single-equation models. Tourist arrivals/departures and expenditures/receipts have been the most frequently used dependent variables. The most popular explanatory variables used have been income, relative tourism prices, and transportation costs. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Sustainable
tourism as an adaptive paradigm, Pages 850-867 Despite owing its origins to the general concept of sustainable development, the subject of sustainable tourism appears to have evolved largely in isolation from the continuing debate on the meaning of the former. This paper argues that such isolation has resulted in the emergence of an overly simplistic and inflexible paradigm of sustainable tourism which fails to account for specific circumstances. It is suggested that the concept of sustainable tourism be redefined in terms of an over-arching paradigm which incorporates a range of approaches to the tourism/environment system within destination areas. These approaches are outlined for a variety of abstract situations with the aim of demonstrating the legitimacy of different perceptions of sustainable tourism. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The disciplinary
dilemma of tourism studies, Pages 868-883 Though tourism is a complex phenomenon crossing many disciplines, researchers tend to approach tourism studies from within the specific boundaries of the main discipline in which they have been trained. Existing tourism theory is thus fragmented and weak. This paper looks at the potential for developing more holistic and integrated theories than currently exist, and for tourism studies evolving into a distinct discipline. The current state of debate in this area is introduced, and several disciplines impacting on tourism studies are examined. Insights are drawn from two distinct philosophy of science perspectives, T. S. Kuhn and R. J. Bernstein. Suggestions are made for advancing the evolution and integration of tourism studies. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- A pleasure-tourism
behaviors framework, Pages 884-897 Tourists' behaviors often differ from those in the home environment, yet researchers have also found that tourists retain some home behaviors in the pleasure-tourism environment. These differences have been explained in the literature, although researchers have not attempted to predict individuals' actions while engaging in tourism. The LIP behaviors framework was developed from the literature to predict individuals' behaviors while on pleasure travel in relation to their home-based behaviors. Four concepts (compensatory, spill-over/familiarity, liminal, and liminoid) were used to construct the framework, which may serve as a basis for future study. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Carving and
tourism: A Maori Perspective, Pages 898-918 Maori retained high levels of self determination under the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, although much of the subsequent history of the 19th century involved attempts both formal and informal by the colonial powers to subvert the Act. Therefore, while tourism has brought significant economic advantages for some tribes (iwi), and promises economic returns for others, Maori are insistent that they retain control over the process. The paper describes some of the significant impacts of tourism on Maori culture, but it is concluded that the truths of tourist impacts are plural, and can only be understood within an understanding of Maori cosmology. As such, Maori are adept at distinguishing between the signs and symbols of tourist artifacts. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Attitudinal
compliance with ecotourism guidelines, Pages 919-950 This study has developed and tested a conceptual framework to explain compliance attitudes of ecotour operators with industry guidelines. The results suggest that compliance with ecotourism principles is a function of a multitude of intrinsic and extrinsic factors concerning ecotour operators, including the type of social and economic sanctions, gender of the respondents, perceived moral obligations, and revenue obtained from ecotourism. The key strategies for increasing compliance seem to lie in educating the tour operators and placing a call to their conscience. Some strategies for increasing compliance are suggested. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The iconography
of the tourism experience, Pages 951-969 Guides to tourism planning typically lack a language for dealing with the destination's experiential content. This article argues that tourism planning has as its central challenge the design of effective touristic experiences, and can find conceptual sources for this task in iconography, the field that studies the meanings of images. In search of iconographic principles for tourism design, the article investigates Niagara Falls, still one of the foremost attractions in North America. At Niagara Falls, the article identifies two main compositional elements: staging, which situates a desirable motif (in this case a waterfall) in a stage setting; and thermatizing, which links the motif to concepts (like terror or romance) that make it evocative. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Discussion,
Pages 970-973 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Major 1987-93
Tourism Proposals in Australia, Pages 974-978 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism Development
in Greenland, Pages 978-982 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Theories of
Modern and Postmodern Tourism, Pages 982-985 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Site Selection
Criteria of the Small Trade Association, Pages 985-987 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tourism Development
and Dependency Theory: Mass Tourism vs. Ecotourism, Pages 988-991 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Total Economic
Evaluation of Protected Areas, Pages 992-994 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Cross-Cultural
Equivalence of the TIAS: Summary Results, Pages 994-998 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Multiregional
Input-Output Analysis, Pages 998-1001 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Satisfaction
with Amusement Parks, Pages 1001-1005 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Targeting Airline
Advertising Copy, Pages 1005-1008 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Tracking the
Salzburg Tourist, Pages 1008-1012 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- The Swedish
Tourism Database, Pages 1012-1013 |
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